Toilet wars: urban sanitation services and the politics of public-private partnerships in Ghana

Author: J. Ayee and Crook, R.

This paper examines the impact of the new forms of partnerships between public authorities and private/citizen-based organisations on urban environmental sanitation in Accra and Kumasi, Ghana. It reveals how access to toilets consistently have been poorly managed and have been the source of local political conflicts, due to the politics of patronage and the failure of regulation. The paper provides recommendations to set up reasonable sanitation facilities.

Link: Institute of Development Studies

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AyeeCrook Toilet Wars.pdf  (581 kB)