Financial Management - Accounting, IM, Risk, Water and Sanitation Service Provider,

Inefficient revenue generation

Insufficient billing and collection systems and outdated customer databases endanger utilities’ generation of revenues.

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IM, Risk, User & Customer Relations - Service Delivery, Water and Sanitation Service Provider,

Bribes for illegal (re-)connections

Staff might use knowledge and equipment to set up illegal connections in exchange for bribes.

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IM, Risk, User & Customer Relations - Service Delivery, Water and Sanitation Service Provider,

Bribes to postpone disconnections

In order to avoid disconnections, customers may collude with field staff and administrative staff or be extorted by field staff to pay bribes.

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Governance - Controls, IM, Risk, River Basin Organization, SME, Water and Sanitation Service Provider,

Board of Directors affected by personal interests

Board of Directors (BoD) members might illicitly use their influence for personal gain and at the expense of the organization’s performance.

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