IM, Procurement - Bidding, Project Execution - O&M, Public institution, River Basin Organization, SME, Tool, Water and Sanitation Service Provider,

Integrity pacts

Agreements between project owners, bidders/contractors and civil society organizations to abstain from illicit practices.

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IM, Procurement - Bidding, Public institution, Risk, Water and Sanitation Service Provider,

Collusion among bidders

Collusion among bidders can corrupt the procurement process and leave the project owner with poor value for money.

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