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    Water Integrity Global Outlook 2021: Urban Water and Sanitation

    Building integrity in water and sanitation for resilient cities

    Photo: Irvin Jethro Velas, WIN photo competition 2013

 

BRIEFS

Water Integrity Global Outlook 2021: Urban Water and Sanitation

Summary
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The new WIGO2021 report shows that to make cities resilient and to realise the human rights to water and sanitation for urban residents, it’s essential we focus on water and sanitation integrity. WIGO2021 shows how, with case studies and practical ideas on how to build transparency, accountability and participation, and reduce corruption. See more

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What is sextortion and what can we do about it?

with ANEW, End Water Poverty, Sanitation and Water for All, and SIWI
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Many women, particularly poor women in vulnerable communities where infrastructure is inadequate, face sextortion on a regular basis when fetching water or accessing sanitation facilities. It is a gendered form of corruption where sex is the currency of the bribe and it violates the human rights to water and sanitation.

Download pdf (in EN, FR, or ES):
Factsheet: What is Sextortion
Ficha técnica ¿Qué es la sextorsión ?
Fiche Info: Qu'est-ce que la sextorsion

 

Enhancing Integrity to Avoid Maladaptation

with Green Climate Fund - Independent Integrity Unit
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Integrity and good governance are key to ensuring that climate adaptation programme funds are used effectively for their designated purposes. This Thematic Brief reflects on how adaptation projects may result in maladaptation from the integrity perspective, which either heightens the expected climate-related risks or creates a new set of additional risks.

See more information and video

Governments, Pay Your Water Bills!

with End Water Poverty and Solutions for Water Integrity and Management
(financing)
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Across the world, many public institutions do not pay their water and sewerage bills, thereby starving utilities of resources they need to provide adequate service and contribute to the realisation of the human rights to water and sanitation. Based on new research by WIN and End Water Poverty, this policy brief outlines best practices for service providers, regulators, public finance actors, and water sector stakeholders.

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2020 - WIN, EWP, SWIM - Governments, Pay Your Water Bills - Policy Brief

 

Making School WASH work

with DORP and BAWIN
(WASH in schools / Bangladesh)
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Dirty and locked toilets are leaving students behind. Change requires a holistic approach to the issues encountered in school WASH because especially as poor integrity is a contributing factor. DORP, BAWIN, and WIN are using integrity assessments in schools to increase TAP and support improvements.

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2019 - WIN & DORP & BAWIN - Making school WASH work (EN) 2019 - WIN & DORP & BAWIN - Making school WASH work (BN)

Water Integrity as an Opportunity: The Relationship between Climate Change Finance and the Water Sector

with GIZ
(Climate adaptation)
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An overview of challenges and opportunities concerning corruption in the water sector in the context of climate change finance, for policy makers and practitioners from
both sectors.

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Putting Equity and Integrity at the Centre of Climate Adaptation

with IWMI
(Climate / Finance / Southeast Asia)
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Research into the key elements required in climate adaptation frameworks and institutional arrangements to achieve equal and just climate adaptation?

Download pdf:
2019 WIN GIZ - Policy Brief - Integrity in Climate Adaptation (EN)

 

Can Irrigation Management Transfer Stop the Chain of Rent-seeking in the Water Sector?

with IWMI
(Irrigation / Indonesia)
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What are the dynamics of rent-seeking practices in the Indonesian irrigation sector, and what can be learnt from community-based development initiatives, such as irrigation management transfer?

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How to Tackle Institutionalized Corruption in the Water Sector

with IWMI
(Irrigation / Indonesia)
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An examination of the characteristics of the institutionalized upeti system in the Indonesia irrigation sector, by which subordinates are expected to funnel resources upwards to their superiors in exchange for better positions and social benefits.

Read an interview with the author

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Water Integrity and the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation

(WASH)
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The mechanisms and alliances which work to achieve the human rights to water and sanitation must be closely allied with those that work to increase transparency and protect the integrity of the sector.

Read online

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Sustainable Development Goals for Water Require Protection from Corruption

(WASH / WRM)
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How water integrity contributes to achieving the SDGs on water, hunger, health, gender equality, energy, climate change, ecosystems…

Read online

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Integrity in Infrastructure and Public Procurement

(WRM / dams)
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The path from planning, procurement and tendering, to construction and implementation for large-scale infrastructure projects contains areas of high integrity risk.

Read online

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Inequalities in Water Service Delivery in Delhi

(Urban WASH / India)
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Exploring the dynamics of integrity in urban water is an essential step in achieving equitable and effective service for all, especially for the poor and marginalized, and those migrating to new settlements in large cities like Delhi.

Read online

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A Human Rights-Based Approach to Tackling Corruption in the Water Sector

with Waterlex
(WASH)
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How the fulfillment of Human Rights obligations and the promotion of water integrity can be mutually reinforcing.

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Regulation: Catalyst for Better Governance and Enhanced Integrity in Water Utilities?

with GIZ
(WASH / Kenya)
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This brief outlines the corruption hot spots utilities face in their day-to-day operations and explores how regulators can develop an enabling framework to support integrity. Read more […]

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Enhancing Integrity to Reduce Corruption in Managing Rivers

with GWP
(WRM / River Basin Management)
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An outline of key integrity challenges specific to river basin management, with examples of measures to increase integrity from Indonesia, Japan, Spain, Sri Lanka and Pakistan. Read more […]

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Circumstances of Corruption in Planning Small Reservoirs in Sub-Saharan Africa

with IWMI
(Irrigation / Sub-Saharan Africa)
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Water integrity is an overlooked element of small reservoir planning that could reduce risks and improve overall reservoir performance. Read more […]

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Why Water Integrity Matters for Food Security

(WRM / Irrigation)
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An overview of corruption risks affecting the food production chain, with best approaches and concrete measures to increase water integrity for food security.

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Water Integrity: an Opportunity for the Private Sector

with cewas
(WASH)
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Overview of key risks associated with private sector participation in water service provision, with a special focus on contracting risks and influence over political processes.

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Challenges and Priorities for Water Integrity in the Irrigation Sector

(WRM / Irrigation)
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Examination of the main governance systems and associated integrity risks for irrigation systems such as canal irrigation, tube well irrigation and wastewater irrigation. Read more […]

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Corruption Risks and Integrity in Urban Water Supply and Sanitation

(urban WASH)
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Findings from a literature review and consultation of 14 water sector experts on challenges in urban water supply and sanitation.

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Preventing Corruption in the Water Sector

with UNDP Water Governance Facility at SIWI
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An overview of key concepts for water integrity and policy recommendations.

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REPORTS & RESEARCH

Water Integrity Global Outlook 2021: Urban Water and Sanitation

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To make cities resilient and to realise the human rights to water and sanitation, it’s essential that we focus on water and sanitation integrity. Integrity is an aspiration, urging us to use resources more effectively, build trust and engagement, and reduce the dramatic long-term impact of corruption that undermines our work in the sector.

The Water Integrity Global Outlook 2021 brings together examples of how integrity champions -mayors, regulators, water and sanitation professionals, civil society, funders, the media- are building integrity in cities step by step, to improve water and sanitation services and leave no one behind. See more

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Corruption and integrity failures in Bangkok's wastewater sector

#wastewater #pollution
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Corruption and integrity failures in Bangkok’s wastewater sector are contributing to increased levels of untreated water and affecting the health and livelihoods of people in the region and smallholder farmers in particular. This research examines the different types of integrity failures plaguing the sector and the way forward to address them.

Download research on Bangkok's wastewater sector (pdf)

Regulating Lusaka's Urban Sanitation Sector: The Importance of Promoting Integrity and Reducing Corruption

with Aguaconsult (WASH, regulation)
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Examination of urban sanitation in Lusaka, Zambia, with a focus on integrity, corruption risks and the capacity, strengths and weakness of the regulatory framework to deal with these risks.

See more

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Human Rights and Water Integrity in Informal Settlements

with Socio-Economic Rights Institute of South Africa (SERI)
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Despite clear international law on the human rights to water and sanitation, and widespread recognition of these rights, people living in informal settlements (slums) typically lack access to essential services. The paper shows how an integrity focus can help to achieve human rights obligations and how a human rights focus improves integrity and reduces opportunities for corruption in informal settlements.

See more

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Legal framework for water in Mexico with emphasis on community management

with ASAN, Cantaro Azul, ControlaTuGobierno, and Oxfam Mexico (on rural water, community-managed water systems)
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An analysis of the Mexican legal framework for water in different states and the legal form that community systems could take if they were taken into account by state laws.

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Money Down the Drain: Corruption in South Africa's Water Sector

with Corruption Watch
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New report examining the extent and drivers of corruption in the water and sanitation sector, as well as impact on communities and South African water security. The report makes recommendations on actions to be taken to address corruption and maladministration, including urgently making the sector an island of integrity.

Download the full report:
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Download media release
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Water Integrity Global Outlook 2016

with CapNet, GWP, Transparency International, Transparency International Bangladesh, BAWIN, the Water Governance Facility, and SIWI
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The Water Integrity Global Outlook 2016 highlights how institutional fragmentation and corruption undermine water resources and water services. It outlines techniques that make improvements achievable and makes recommendations for action by governments, sector actors, the private sector and civil society bodies. Read online

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Cartographie des risques d'atteinte à l'intégrité dans le secteur de l'eau au Bénin

with GWP Benin
(WASH, irrigation / Benin)
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Governance assessment with a focus on integrity risks in the water, sanitation and irrigation sectors for Benin. Read more […]

Download pdf (in French only)
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Download executive summary (in French only)
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Use and Effectiveness of Effluent Treatment Plants in the Garments Industry of Bangladesh

with BAWIN
(wastewater / Bangladesh)
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Research report on the use of Effluent Treatment Plants (ETPs) in clothing factories in Bangladesh to control pollution and toxic wastewater discharge, with recommendations for improvement in terms of Transparency, Accountability, Participation, and Anti-Corruption. Read more […]

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Corruption and the Human Right to Water A Human Rights’ Based Approach to Tackling Corruption in the Water Sector

with Waterlex
(WASH, human rights)
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A Human Rights based approach can provide a lens through which corruption and its negative impact on water and sanitation can be evaluated more carefully and at the same will be reinforced by water integrity work. Read more [..]

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Corruption Risks and Governance Challenges in the Irrigation Sector: What are Priorities for Water Integrity

(Irrigation, Agriculture)
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The reliable supply of irrigation is often hindered by corrupt practices at different levels of the irrigation sector. Canal irrigation, tube well irrigation, and wastewater irrigation are identified as three types of irrigation systems with specific governance and corruption risks.

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Promoting Transparency, Integrity and Accountability in the Water and Sanitation Sector in Uganda

with WSP
(WASH / Uganda)
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Key findings of the integrity study initiated by the Good Governance Sub-Sector Working Group, along with conclusions and lessons learned from the process of developing and implementing an integrity assessment for Uganda. Read more […]

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Corruption Risks in Water Licensing: With case studies from Chile and Kazakhstan

with UNDP Water Governance Facility at SIWI and Swedish Water House
(WRM / Chile, Kazakhstan)
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This report examines and compares corruption risks in water licensing in Chile and Kazakhstan.

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Global Corruption Report 2008: Corruption in the Water Sector

Transparency International
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An examination of how the failure to govern more transparently and accountably the essential life resource that is water has an enormous price – both today and for future generations.

Read online via Transparency International

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Making Anti-Corruption Approaches Work for the Poor

(WASH, irrigation)
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Issues for consideration in the development of pro-poor anti-corruption strategies in water services and irrigation.

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Human Rights and Water Integrity: Implications for Informal Settlements Water and Sanitation

with SERI
(WASH, urban, human rights / South Africa, Kenya)
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The human rights to water and sanitation of the informal settlement population are not being met, despite international and national obligations to do so. People living in informal settlements have limited access to toilets and pay more per liter than those living in wealthier areas, for precarious, unsafe water. Our research in informal settlements in South Africa and Kenya shows that it is not just limited resources that contribute to this unacceptable situation; it is stigma, inaction, and poor integrity.

 

CASE STUDIES

How to Promote Water Integrity - Lessons Learned

(Global)
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Targeting water integrity interventions, interpreting key principles, and prioritizing actions can be considerable challenges. The lessons outlined in this report highlight how WIN and its partners faced these to support improvements in water management and WASH services.

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Making Integrity Work: Lessons from the MCWIP Programme

with Helvetas, Caritas, and cewas
(Guatemala, Kenya, Mozambique, Nepal)
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Lessons Learnt from the Multi-Country Water Integrity Programme (MCWIP) Phase 3 (2015-2019) in Guatemala, Kenya, Mozambique, Nepal with a focus on the challenges of mainstreaming integrity in local programmes.

Download pdf:
2019 WIN - MCWIP Lessons Learnt (EN)

The Integrity Management Toolbox for Small Water Systems in Kenya

with Caritas Switzerland
(WASH / Kenya)
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The Integrity Management Toolbox for Small Water Supply Systems is an innovative participatory approach to coordinate efforts between communities and local governments to improve the quality and integrity of services provided from small water supply systems in rural and marginalized areas.

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WRUAs fostering transparency,accountability & participation

(WRM / Kenya)
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The capacity development programme, Strengthening transparency, accountability and participation in and through WRUAs, aimed at leveraging the potential of the Water Resource Users Associations (WRUAs) in the Lake Naivasha Basin (Kenya) as reliable, transparent, and credible local water institutions.

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Cartographie des risques de déficit d’intégrité dans le secteur de l’eau au Bénin - Etudes de Cas

with GWP Benin
(rural WASH, urban WASH, irrigation / Benin)
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Five case studies from the 2017 integrity assessment of the Benin water sector, focusing on integrity risks related to different management models of water service provision at municipal level and on pricing practices by the Benin water company. Read more (in French) […]

Download pdf (in French only):
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Water TAP Manual: A Practical Guide to Managing Water Integrity in Water Utilities

(WASH / MENA region)
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A practical guide to managing water integrity in water utilities with transparency, accountability, and participation, based on experiences from pilot projects in the MENA region.

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Public Engagement to Improve Water Services in Medellin

(urban WASH / Colombia)
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An investigation into how water integrity is perceived and experienced by low-income users in their daily attempt to secure access to water, arguing that integrity promotion, besides corruption control, needs to include user perspectives on accountability, participation, and transparency.

Read online

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Conducting Integrity Assessments of WASH in Schools

with FANSA and Arghyam
(school WASH / India)
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School children in many countries are deprived of basic sanitation and hygiene facilities at school, despite funds being committed to address the issue, because of poor accountability. This report describes a pilot project on schools in Andhra Pradesh, India, where the AWIS methodology was used to raise awareness and evaluate integrity risks. Read more […]

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Water Integrity in Action: Fighting Corruption in the Construction of Large Dams: The Ziga Dam Experience

with ONEA
(dams, infrastructure, urban WASH / Burkina Faso)
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The Ziga dam is a flagship project for ONEA and a key development to ensure wider access to water in the Burkinabe capital. During project management, specific attention was given to anti-corruption and integrity measures to ensure timely and in-budget completion of the dam construction. Read more […]

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1st African Water Integrity Summit: Case Studies

with UNDP Water Governance at SIWI, CAP-NET, Waternet and UNDP
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Water integrity ambassadors from 22 countries in Africa met to exchange case examples and good practices at the 1st African Water Integrity Summit in Lusaka, April 29-30 2014. Their experiences have been collated in this case book, which highlights the persistence and courage needed to promote water integrity in difficult political and organizational contexts. Read more […]

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Integrity and the Human Right to Water at Community Level in Central America: The role of Community Water Boards

(rural WASH, WRM, pollution / Central America)
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A look into how Community Water Boards see integrity and the regulatory framework they operate in, based on interviews with Community Water Board presidents in Nicaragua, Guatemala, El Salvador and Costa Rica, and with a case study on water contamination issues around pineapple plantations in Costa Rica. Read more […]

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Water Integrity in Action: Curbing Illegal Sand Mining in Sri Lanka

with the Sri Lanka Water Partnership and NetWwater
(WRM / Sri Lanka)
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This case highlights the role that law enforcers needs to play in protecting natural resources and the environment and how engaging with different stakeholders helped bring about concrete change in how illegal sand mining is addressed and limited. Read more […]

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Annotated Water Integrity Scan Kenya 2011

with Transparency International Kenya
(WASH / Kenya)
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Report on the first structured use of the Annotated Water Integrity Scan (AWIS) methodology to assess integrity risks in the water sector in Kenya, including lessons learned. Read more […]

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TRAINING MANUALS

Manuel de formation sur l'intégrité de l'eau adapté au contexte de l'Afrique de l'Ouest

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A general introduction to corruption in the water sector, the principles of transparency, accountability and participation, and the tools that can be used to assess and prevent integrity risks, with examples and case studies from West Africa.

Download pdf (in French only):
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Training Manual on Water Integrity

with UNDP Water Governance Facility, Cap-Net and Waternet
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This manual is for general training sessions on water integrity, covering: Corruption dynamics and risks in the water sector; Water governance and how it is interlinked with integrity; Anti-corruption laws, institutions and instruments; Transparency, accountability, and participation as pillars of integrity.

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Advocacy Guide

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A guide to help water and media professionals plan a successful water integrity campaign, covering strategic objective setting, effective campaign implementation, and rigorous post-campaign monitoring.

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TOOL IMPLEMENTATION GUIDES

Integrity Management Toolbox for Water Organizations

Action Tool
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The Integrity Management Toolbox for Water Organizations provides a step-by-step methodology for initiating an integrity change process to improve performance and reduce integrity risks related to accounting, human resources, O&M …

Read more about the Integrity Management Toolbox.
Explore updated descriptions of risks and tools for water utilities and institutions, river basin organization, and water sector contractors.

Download Integrity Management Toolbox guide:
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Annotated Water Integrity Scan

Assessment and Stakeholder Tool
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The Annotated Water Integrity Scan (AWIS) is a quick participatory assessment of the integrity situation in the water sector at national or local level, to build awareness and a common understanding of key integrity challenges and to plan for action.

Read more, see the AWIS online tool sheet

Download the AWIS Manual:

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Download the AWIS manual and full facilitator resources pack (zip file):

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Water Governance Assessment

Assessment Tool
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The go-to reference to develop a relevant assessment framework for water governance and water integrity.

Download the user guide:
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Integrity Pact

Action Tool
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An integrity pact is a structured agreement between contracting parties from the governmental and private sector to abide by certain integrity principles during project procurement and implementation phases.

Read more, see the Integrity Pacts online tool sheet

Download the tool guide:
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Download the facilitator training guide:
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Framework for Integrity in Water Stewardship Initiatives

Stakeholder and Action Tool
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Water Stewardship Initiatives are multi-stakeholder platforms including businesses, that jointly address specific shared water challenges. The Guide for Managing Water Integrity in Water Stewardships is a practical set of principles, guiding questions, and tools, to support their development and work.

Explore the integrity guidelines and accompanying tools online

Download the tool guide:
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TOOLS

Find out more about strategies and tools to increase integrity in organizations, partnerships, towns or regions. Get support and insight.

TRAINING

Learn about water integrity and how to become a water integrity champion. Find out more about online or in-person training opportunities.